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Unit 8.
Sport in Our Life

       

Social English

Vocabulary Section

34. A. Very often our choice of words depends on where we are or whom we are talking to. For example, you can say “children” when you are talking to your teacher and “kids” when you are talking to your friends. In other words, the situation in which we find ourselves can be more formal and less formal, or informal. Study the words and word combinations in the box below, listen to the formal version of the dialogue “Stolen Bicycle”, 43A, and then change it making it sound informal.

More formal or neutral

a bicycle
a television
a friend
a man
a toilet
a refrigerator
the underground
a pound
mother and father
intelligent
wonderful
to arrive in/at
to telephone
Hello!
Thank you.
What’s the matter?

Quite informal

a bike
the telly
a pal
a guy
a loo
a fridge
the tube
quid (no plural)
mum and dad
bright
terrific
to get to (a place)
to phone
Hit
Òà.
What’s up?

Stolen Bicycle

Polly: Hello, Walter! What’s the matter?

Walter: Someone has stolen my bicycle! It makes the second time this year.

Polly: Poor Walter! My mother saw a programme on television yesterday. They said something about a thief stealing bicycles in our neighbourhood.

Walter: Really? I have a friend who is a policeman. Do you think I should telephone him?

Polly: I think it’s a wonderful idea. Meanwhile, I can drive you to work. I know how much you hate the underground.

Walter: Oh, thank you. And ...

Polly: What?

Walter: Could you lend me about a hundred pounds? I’d like to buy a new bicycle.

B. Listen to the informal version of the dialogue and check yourselves, 43B.

35. Fill in the gaps to complete the sentences.

  1. Dan never did ... his jacket, even in winter.
  2. — What are you so busy with? — I’m doing ... the house for my birthday party.
  3. — Would you like something to eat? — No, thanks. I’m not hungry but I could do ... a glass of juice.
  4. We’re eating out tonight, and I think you should do yourself ... .
  5. It won’t be easy to do with this bad habit.
  6. Could you do the dress ... for me, please? I can’t reach the buttons.
  7. — Are you tired? — Oh, yes. I can do ... a good night’s sleep.
  8. Before you leave the kitchen do it ... , Cinderella.

NEW WORDS TO LEARN

36. A. Read and guess what the words in bold type mean.

The country folk are people who belong to one community, have the same way of life.

“Fill her up, please,” is a phrase often said to someone who is putting petrol in your car.

The man was fat and unpleasant. His little piggy eyes were unpleasant too.

John didn't want his household to know that he was taking part in the competition. That was why he secretly sent his papers to London. Triumph I'traiamfJ is a complete success.

The football match was so exciting! Our team won. The captain led our team to victory .

B. Look the words up to make sure that you have guessed right.

37. Read the words, look them up and then study the word combinations and sentences to know how to use them.

beyond (prep): beyond one’s duties, beyond one’s responsibilities, beyond one’s understanding, beyond one’s power, beyond sb. How he managed to find us is beyond me. Mathematics is beyond my understanding.

either:

1. (conj) either today or tomorrow. You either love him or hate him. Either you eat your soup or you go out without ice cream.

2. (pron) either of the two. — There are two apples left. Which one do you want? — I don’t want either. There are two dictionaries here. You can use either. — Which of the two dresses should I take? — Either. There were two men in the street, but she could not see either (man),

property (n): private property, public property, school property. Their job is to protect private property. Who does her property pass to? Someone’s property is all the things that belong to them.

a patch (n): a patch of land, a patch of grass. All of them had patches on their trousers. I mended holes in the sheets by sewing on square patches,

ground (n):

1. on the ground, to throw sth to the ground. The ground all round was very wet and swampy.

2. a playground, sports grounds, football grounds. A ground is an area of land where sport is played, especially football or cricket. There is a nice playground near our school.

desperate (adj): to be desperate, a desperate situation, desperate screams. She was desperate to find a job. A desperate person is dangerous and aggressive. A desperate situation is very difficult and dangerous.

desperately (adv): Do you know how desperately busy I have been all this time?

enormous (adj): an enormous success, an enormous house, an enormous amount of money, enormous interest, enormous pressure. There was an enormous cat in the kitchen eating fish.

to bark (v): to bark loudly, to bark at sb or sth. I could hear a dog barking. Do you know that foxes also bark? Our dog always barks at strangers.

to bark up the wrong tree: If you think that, you’re barking up the wrong tree. filthy (adj):

1. filthy hands, a filthy sweater, filthy shoes. A filthy thing is extremely dirty.

2. a filthy temper, in a filthy way. Something can be filthy if it is morally very unpleasant. That’s a filthy thing to say. to point (v): to point at the girl, to point the stick (finger) at sb. “Is that the boy who did it?” she asked pointing at me. It is not polite to point. I asked where the bank was, and he pointed at a tall grey building,

to beat (beat, beaten) (u): to beat with a stick, to beat to death. Never beat animals! The rain was beating against the window.

to threaten (v): to threaten sb with punishment. She threatened that she would leave home. Are you threatening me?

to stare (v): to stare at people, to stare out of the window. Why did she stare at me with surprise? If you stare at something, you look at it for a long time.

to despise (v): to despise people, to despise sb’s opinion, to despise one’s job. He is very stupid and unkind that’s why many people despise him. Why do you all despise Mr Williams?

dust (n): chalk dust, gold dust, radioactive dust, a cloud of white dust, to lie in the dust, to raise the dust. There was a lot of dust on the books before I cleaned them. The car raised a cloud of dust as it went down the road.

dusty (adj); dusty furniture, a dusty room. The goods in the shop window were dusty.

amazing (adj): an amazing film, an amazing book, an amazing player. I find it amazing that you can’t swim. It is quite amazing how short people’s memories are.

willing (adj): a willing student, a willing helper, to be willing to do sth. Are you willing to help? He is always willing to play football. Teachers are so fond of willing students.

38. Say:

  1. when it is necessary to sew a patch on somebody’s clothes;
  2. if there is a playground near your house or school;
  3. if you have ever felt desperate and when it was;
  4. if there is any school subject that is beyond your understanding;
  5. if you have ever seen people beat their dogs and how you reacted;
  6. if it is polite to point at people or stare at them;
  7. what film/book you can call amazing;
  8. where sports are usually played;
  9. if you are a willing student.

39. Name:

  1. 3—5 things that can be dusty, enormous, amazing, filthy, desperate;
  2. 3—5 things that are your property;
  3. 3 animals that can bark;
  4. 3—5 things that you are willing to do.

40. Put in the right prepositions: at, against, of, to, out of, up, with.

  1. Jemma was staring ... ... the window.
  2. That small patch ... land belongs ... him and is his property.
  3. Never point your finger ... people. It’s impolite,
  4. Does your dog bark ... people in the street?
  5. The rain was beating ... the window.
  6. — I think it’s Peter who has broken the computer. — Oh no. I’m sure you are barking ... the wrong tree.
  7. Sometimes animal keepers beat them ... sticks. I hate it.
  8. If I were you, I wouldn’t stare ... people even if they look strange.

41. Give it a name:

  1. a complete success;
  2. a place where petrol and oil are sold;
  3. people who have the same way of living;
  4. all things that belong to somebody;
  5. a small piece of land;
  6. an area of land where sport is played;
  7. a person wishing to help.

42. Use the words from the box in the right form to complete the text.

to bark, to despise, to point, to beat, to stare, to threaten

I want to tell you how my dog Milly came to live with us. My mother is a schoolteacher and she was taking her class to the park. Suddenly one of the boys ... (1) at the grass at the side of the road and said he had just seen something moving. Mother came closer and saw a small white-and-black dog. She ... (2) at mother with her big black eyes and then ... (3) “bow-wow” trying to ... (4) mother and the children standing around. But for mum it was love at first sight. She took Milly home. She was thin when we got her, but now she loves to eat so much, we sometimes call her Piggy. We never ... (5) Milly (I ... (6) people who ... (7) animals!) and try to be kind to her. She pays us back with her devotion.

There are many dogs desperate for love and a home. If you help them, they make the best friends.

Read and compare!

any (each of many or some)

1. There are some books on the desk.
Any will do.
2. There are many pens in the box.
You can take any.
3. We can stay at any hotel of the city.

either (each of the two)

1. There are two books on the desk.
Take either of them.
2. There is a green pen in the box and a blue one. You can take either.
3. You can land at either bank of the river.

43. Express the same in English.

  1. Òû ìîæåøü âçÿòü ëþáîå ÿáëîêî èç êîðçèíû.
  2.  ëþáîé èç äâóõ ãàçåò òû íàéä¸øü èíôîðìàöèþ î íîâîñòÿõ âíóòðè ñòðàíû è çà ðóáåæîì.
  3. Ìû ìîæåì ïîãîâîðèòü ñ ëþäüìè, æèâóùèìè â ëþáîì èç äîìîâ íà ýòîé óëèöå.
  4. Íà òàðåëêå äâà ïèðîæíûõ. Âîçüìè ëþáîå.
  5. Ëþáîé ÷åëîâåê â íàøåì ãîðîäå ìîæåò ïîáûâàòü â öåíòðàëüíîì ïàðêå.
  6. Ëþáàÿ èç êíèã íà ýòîé ïîëêå óäèâèòåëüíà è îðèãèíàëüíà.
  7. Âîçüìè âåð¸âêó çà ëþáîé èç å¸ êîíöîâ è ïîòÿíè êàê ìîæíî ñèëüíåå.
  8. Êàæäîå èç ýòèõ äâóõ ñëîâ îçíà÷àåò îäíî è òî æå.

44. A. Listen to the text “Favourite Sports and Games”, 44, and choose the right item:

  1. One of Sophia’s favourite sports is ... .

    a) skiing
    b) rowing
    c) fencing

  2. Patrick’s favourite games are ... .

    a) football and tennis
    b) volleyball and basketball
    c) football and volleyball

  3. Sophia is ... at skiing.

    a) very good
    b) rather poor
    c) not great

  4. Sophia prefers to ski in the ... »

    a) forest
    b) mountains
    c) valley

  5. Patrick thinks skiing is very ... .

    a) dangerous
    b) cheap
    c) exciting

  6. Patrick plays volleyball ... .

    a) in the summer
    b) in the winter
    c) all the year round

  7. Patrick plays football ... .

    a) in the summer
    b) in the winter
    c) all the year round

  8. Patrick is ... at playing football.

    a) very good
    b) rather poor
    c) very bad

  9. Patrick plays football ... .

    a) only on the beach
    b) only at the sports centre
    c) in different places

Â. Imagine that you could meet Patrick or Sophia. Think of the questions you could ask them. Find out:

  1. if Sophia goes in for indoor sports and what they are;
  2. if she has ever taken part in a ski race;
  3. if she does skiing regularly;
  4. if she trains with a coach;
  5. if she could call herself a professional athlete;
  6. if Patrick has ever played chess, with what result and when it was;
  7. if he likes to play any other games and what they are;
  8. how many cities he has visited with his football team;
  9. if he has any friends among his team-mates and who they are;
  10. if his team has ever lost any matches and when it was.

 

 

 

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