Ó÷åáíèê àíãëèéñêîãî ÿçûêà
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4 unit.
It Takes Many Kinds to Make the World

       

Social English

Vocabulary Section

41. Learn the proper way of asking and answering questions. Listen to them and repeat them after the announcer, 20.

Questions

— Excuse me, where ...?
— Excuse me, do you happen to know who ...?
— Would you mind telling me why ...?
— This may sound a stupid question, but I’d like to know ...
— Something else I’d like to know is ...
— What do you think of ...?
— Can you help me? I wonder when ...

Answers

— Certainly. (Sure)
— I can’t tell you exactly, but ...
— I can’t tell you offhand, I’m afraid, ...
— Let me think for a moment ...
— Well, let me see ...
— I’m not very sure, I’ll have to find out.
— That’s a very interesting question.
— I’m not really sure.
— I have no idea, I’m afraid.
— I’d rather not answer that. Sorry. (If you don’t mind.)

42. Imagine that you are talking to a boy or a girl from Great Britain. These are the things you want to find out. Ask questions politely and let your part¬ ner answer them in a proper manner.

  1. Which is the most unusual British tradition?
  2. What is Up-Helly-Aa?
  3. Who were the Vikings?
  4. Where are the Shetlands situated? What is their capital?
  5. When is St Valentine’s Day celebrated?
  6. For whom — the Welsh, the Scottish or the English — is 1st March a very important day?
  7. Who in Great Britain has two birthdays?
  8. Is the Queen’s birthday in April or in June?
  9. Does the Queen open Parliament every spring?
  10. Why is the 5th of 124 November a special day in Britain?
  11. What is a carol?

43. A. Complete the sentences using the missing prepositions.

  1. Don’t rush ... conclusions. Everything can change soon.
  2. Doctors were rushed ... the place of the accident.
  3. They rushed John ... the hunter’s house.
  4. Please don’t rush we still have something to discuss.
  5. I rushed ... my lunch.
  6. He rushed ... the concert hall but there was nobody there.
  7. Nick had to be rushed ... hospital when the snake bit1 him.
  8. The dog rushed ... him.

Â. Express the same in English.

  1. Áîëüøîé ãóñü íàáðîñèëñÿ íà ìàëåíüêîãî ìàëü÷èêà.
  2. Íå òîðîïèñü ñ âûâîäàìè. Îí ïî÷èíèò âñ¸ ñàì.
  3. Ìàëåíüêèé Äæîííè âîðâàëñÿ â êîìíàòó è çàêðè÷àë: «Ìû âûèãðàëè!»
  4. Ó÷åíèêè áðîñèëèñü ê äâåðè, ÷òîáû ïîïðèâåòñòâîâàòü ñòàðîãî ó÷èòåëÿ.
  5. Íàì íóæíî ñïåøíî îòïðàâèòüñÿ íà âîêçàë.

1 to bite (bit, bitten) — êóñàòü

NEW WORDS ÒÎ LEARN

44. A. Read and guess what the words in bold type mean.

Rachel has a new stripy blouse. The stripes on her blouse are black and white.

Condensed milk is sweet milk which is thickened by taking away some of the water. It is usually sold in tins.

B. Look the words up to make sure that you have guessed right.

45. Read the words, look them up and then study the word combinations and sentences to know how to use them.

gloomy (adj): gloomy weather, a gloomy day, a gloomy sky. A gloomy person, a gloomy face. Nobody wanted to leave the house on a gloomy day like that. If you say that the sky is gloomy, you mean that the sky is covered with clouds. On that day John looked gloomier than usual,

particular (adj): a particular thing, a particular person, a particular place; in particular, nothing in particular, nobody in particular. This particular story is very difficult to read. Let me ask you about one particular student in your class. Are you looking for anything in particular?

kindly (adj): a kindly woman, a kindly smile. Someone who is kindly is kind and caring. She smiled at us with a kindly smile. The kindly old woman let the boy stay in her house,

anxious (adj): an anxious face, an anxious look, an anxious person, to be anxious about sth. Let’s go home: Mother will be anxious. Why do you look so anxious? Is anything wrong? Do you know that Martin is very anxious about his job?

fussy (adj): a fussy woman, a fussy parent, to be fussy about sth. Fussy people are difficult to please. I hope the little girl is not fussy about her food. — Tea or coffee? — I’m not fussy.

to promise (v): to promise sb a present, to promise to come home early. Did father promise to take us to the circus on Sunday? The child promised to behave well. — Say that you promise. — OK, I promise.

a promise (n): to make a promise, to break a promise, to keep a promise. He is always making promises and then breaking them. — Are we going to the stadium to watch a football match on Friday? — Yes, it’s a promise,

solemn (adj): solemn words, a solemn speech, solemn music, a solemn promise. His words sounded so solemn, that I believed him. I give you a solemn promise that I’ll come back and help you.

solemnly (adv): to speak solemnly, to nod solemnly, to move solemnly

tremendous (adj): a tremendous idea, a tremendous scene, a tremendous party. We walked through the forest of tremendous old trees. What tremendous news! Have you ever seen such a tremendous view before?

to wave (v): to wave one’s hand, to wave to/at sb, to wave in the wind. We waved at our friends from the train. Mother waved goodbye to us from the window,

to seem (v): to seem nice, to seem important, to seem like a good idea. The temperature seems lower than it is. The medicine seems to be very helpful. The story seems interesting, doesn’t it?

to murmur (v): to murmur sth. If you murmur something, you say it very quietly, so that not many people can hear what you are saying. The frightened boy could only murmur his name to the teacher.

to mumble (v): to mumble sth. If you mumble, you speak very quietly and in such a way that your words are difficult to understand. Stop mumbling, please. He mumbled something in answer to my question,

to bend (bent, bent) (v): to bend down, to bend over sth, to bend one’s head. She tried to warm her hands bending over the fire. The boy bent his head, but said nothing. The strong wind made the flowers bend to the ground,

a paw (n): a cat’s paw, the paw of a dog. They called their cat Socks because it was a black cat with white paws. Tigers have paws,

weight (n): the weight of the roof, 20 kg in weight, to be of the same weight. Fd like to know the weight of the vegetables. Bananas are usually sold by weight. To put on weight, to lose weight. If you want to lose weight, you should eat less.

to weigh (v): How much do you weigh? Do you weigh 60 kilos? He weighed the stone in his hand.

46. A. Form the adverbs from these adjectives and give their Russian equivalents.

gloomy — gloomily
particular — ?

anxious — ?
solemn — ?

tremendous — ?
fussy — ?

B. Use these word combinations in sentences or situations of your own.

to look at someone gloomily; to say something gloomily; particularly good; particularly difficult; to wait anxiously for someone; to look for something anxiously; to speak solemnly; to promise solemnly; to miss someone tremendously; to work tremendously hard; to check the luggage fussily; to speak fussily

47. A. All the words on the blackboard describe speaking. Put in the missing letters and get the list of “speaking” verbs. Check yourselves with the help of the recording, 21.

B. Below you can read the conversation between a schoolboy, Nigel , and a terrible schoolteacher, Miss Trunchbull.1 The dialogue comes from the book “Matilda” by Roald Dahl. Fill in the blanks with the verbs from task A. Use every verb at least once.

1 the Trunchbull — ïðîçâèùå ó÷èòåëüíèöû

The Trunchbull, who never (1)... quietly to children, began to walk slowly along the rows of desks inspecting the hands. All went well until she came to a small boy in the second row.

“What’s your name?” she (2)...

“Nigel,” the boy (3)...

“Nigel what?”

“Nigel Hicks,” the boy (4)...

“Nigel Hicks what?” the Trunchbull (5)... at him. She (6)... so loudly that she nearly blew the little boy out of the window.

“That’s it,” Nigel (7)... “Or shall I give you my middle names?” She (8)... “What is my name?”

“Miss Trunchbull,” Nigel (9)...

“Then use it when you address me! Now then let’s try again. What is your name?”

“Nigel Hicks, Miss Trunchbull,” Nigel (10)...

“That’s better,” the Trunchbull (11)... him. “Your hands are dirty, Nigel! When did you last wash them?”

“Well, let me think,” Nigel (12)... . “That’s rather difficult to remember exactly. I think it was yesterday or the day before.”

“You are hateful!” the Trunchbull (13)... “I don’t wish to see any more of you today! Go and stand in the corner on one leg with your face to the wall!” She (14)... at the top of her voice.

“But Miss Trunchbull...” the boy (15)...

“Don’t argue with me, boy, or I’ll make you stand on your head! Now do as you’re told!”

48. Use the words from the vocabulary section instead of the words in bold type.

  1. Jane is always nervous and excited about her clothes.
  2. What are you so sad about? Cheer up!
  3. Jack is especially interested in children’s books.
  4. The Brown brothers are very shy: they never speak loudly, but say things so, that you can’t hear them properly.
  5. There was a huge box in the dark corner of the old pirate’s room.
  6. Auntie Catherine was always worried about her little son.
  7. John said he would be back before eight.
  8. “That was a great success,” the famous actress said.
  9. It’s difficult to understand people when they murmur.

49. Which of these animals have paws (3), which of them have hooves (1) and which of them have feet (2)?

50. Learn to read these names. Translate them.

Winnie-the-Pooh, Tigger, Piglet, Eeyore, Kanga, Roo, Christopher Robin.

51. A. Make sure that you know these words and word combinations. Listen to the text “Christopher’s Toys”, 22.

  • to hum — ìóðëûêàòü, áóð÷àòü ïîä íîñ
  • “tight place” — «óçêîå ìåñòî», çàòðóäíèòåëüíûå îáñòîÿòåëüñòâà
  • squeaky — âèçãëèâûé, ïëàêñèâûé

Â. Choose the right way to complete the sentences.

  1. Pooh was only ... younger than Christopher Robin.

    a) a year
    b) two years
    c) three years

  2. Eeyore looked gloomy because his ... hung down.

    a) tail
    b) ears
    c) neck

  3. Piglet was a present from ... .

    a) a friend
    b) a neighbour
    c) Christopher’s father

  4. Rabbit was ... .

    a) a toy
    b) an animal
    c) an invented character

  5. Pooh couldn’t climb out of Rabbit’s hole because ... .

    a) he had eaten a lot
    b) he didn’t try hard enough
    c) Rabbit didn’t want him to go

  6. Staying in the hole Pooh ... .

    a) had a bowl of honey every day b) had some condensed milk every day c) had no meals at all

  7. Tigger arrived ... Pooh, Eeyore and Piglet.

    a) at the same time as
    b) earlier than
    c) later than

  8. Pooh’s house was ... an old walnut tree.1

    a) on
    b) inside
    c) under

C. Say how much you can remember about the history of Christopher Milne’s toys.

1 a walnut tree — ãðåöêèé îðåõ (äåðåâî)

52. Express the same in English.

  1. Ïðèíö äàë òîðæåñòâåííóþ êëÿòâó, ÷òî îòûùåò Çîëóøêó.
  2. Êåéò êàæåòñÿ òàêîé âçâîëíîâàííîé ñåãîäíÿ. Òû çíàåøü, â ÷¸ì äåëî?
  3. — Ñêîëüêî âåñÿò ýòè ôðóêòû? -— Ïðîäàâåö íàçîâ¸ò íàì âåñ ÷åðåç ìèíóòó.
  4. Áðèòàíñêèé ôëàã ðàçâåâàëñÿ íà âåòðó: ýòî îçíà÷àëî, ÷òî êîðîëåâà, áûëà âî äâîðöå.
  5. Âçãëÿíè íà ýòî îãðîìíîå äåðåâî, ñêëîíèâøååñÿ íàä âîäîé,
  6. Äÿäÿ Äæåê íèêîãäà íå êàçàëñÿ ñ÷àñòëèâûì ÷åëîâåêîì, íî â òîò äåíü îí áûë îñîáåííî ìðà÷åí.
  7. Åñëè òû áóäåøü áîðìîòàòü ñåáå ïîä íîñ, êëàññ òåáÿ íå óñëûøèò. Îáåùàé ìíå, ÷òî áóäåøü ãîâîðèòü ãðîìêî.
  8. Íå ñóåòèñü, ÿ âñ¸ ñäåëàþ ñàì.
  9. Ó òèãðîâ, êîøåê, ãåïàðäîâ è ëüâîâ — ëàïû, à ó áûêîâ, êîðîâ, îâåö è ñâèíåé — êîïûòà.

 

 

 

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