Учебник для 6 класса

Английский язык

Let Us Read And Learn

Focus_______________________________________

Reported Speech

7. Report what these people said.

8. Express the same in English.

1. Анна объяснила, что лёд тает при температуре 0 градусов.
2. Филипп сказал, что приехал в Россию в июле.
3. Анна добавила, что Филипп любит путешествовать.
4. Сюзи знала, что Шекспир родился в 1564 году, и сказала об этом друзьям. 5. Роберт спросил, когда умер Лев Толстой.
5. Учитель рассказал нам, что римляне впервые пришли на Британские острова в первом веке до нашей эры.
6. Джон сказал, что он был в России три раза.
7. Мы все знали, что Колумб открыл Америку в 1492 году.
8. Анна хотела знать, где берет своё начало Волга.
9. Борис сказал, что никогда не бывал в пустыне.

9. a) Read and guess what the underlined words mean.

1. The Constitution is the main law of the country.
2. When people elect their government they take part in the election.
3. A congress is a large meeting of people coming from different parts of the country. Congressmen and congresswomen are members of the US Congress.
4. The Senate is one of the houses in the US Congress. A senator is a member of the law-making senate.
5. All the newspapers that are published in a country are called the Press.
6. Religion is believing in God or gods.
7. A helper is someone who helps.
8. The vice president in the US is elected together with the president of the country.
9. The Cabinet is a group of important ministers who help a president giving him advice on different problems.
10. I am sure everything will be all right, I can guarantee it.
11. It’s often easy to begin a war but difficult to end it.
12. Slavery is a system by which people (slaves) can be owned by other people.

b) Look these words up to make sure that you have guessed right.

10. Read the words, look them up and study the word combinations and sentences to know how to use them.

a representative (n): an important representative, representatives of the country, people’s representatives. In the group of tourists there were representatives of many cities,

to represent (v): to represent sb at the conference (meeting, competition). Who is going to represent your class at the competition?

a trunk (n):

1. the trunk of a tree. I sat down on a fallen tree trunk. A hole in the trunk of a big tree was a good home for the squirrel and her young.
2. an elephant’s trunk. With the help of its trunk an elephant takes food and water and puts them to its mouth.

a support (n): your friends’ support. Will you help me? I need your support.

to support (n): to support sb in sth. Will you support me in the argument? He said he wanted to go to the zoo but nobody supported him.

to obey (v): to obey the rules, to obey orders. They obeyed me without a question. Do you always obey your parents?

a term (n):

1. a school term, a college term. You are going to have a lot of English classes this term.
2. A term is a period of time between two elections when a certain president or a political party is in power.

an amendment (n): an amendment to the Constitution; to make amendments. Changes in the Constitution are called amendments.

to declare (v): to declare war on a country, to declare the meeting open, to declare one’s loyalty to the country. Germany didn’t declare war on Russia in 1941. Jack was declared the winner of the fight. I now declare this meeting open.

a bill (n):

1. a hotel bill, a restaurant bill, an electricity bill. The bill for dinner was over twelve dollars. Last month my family got a large telephone bill.
2. a bill of parliament, the Bill of Rights, to pass a bill, to defeat a bill. The American Congress has just passed a new bill on education. The job of any parliament is to study bills and either pass or defeat them.

a decision (n): an important decision, the right decision, the wrong decision, to take/make a decision. I think that I made the wrong decision. It isn’t always easy to make a decision.

to vote (v): to vote for/against something. When you vote, you make your choice or give your opinion by raising your hand or writing on a piece of paper. The people voted “yes” on the referendum [.refs'rendsm].

a court (n): the Supreme Court. Silence in court! Her case¹ will be heard in the court.

to judge (v): to judge a case, to judge a competition, to judge the dogs at a dog show, as far as I can judge, it’s difficult to judge, judging by... Who will judge the next case? Judging by what everyone says about him, he will win the race.

a judge (n): a court judge, Judge Simpson, a judge at the competitions, a judge of music, a judge of poetry. She is a good judge of character. I’m no judge of music but I know what I like.

a citizen (n): an American citizen, citizens of Moscow. She is a British citizen but lives in India. When did he become a US citizen?

no matter how (what, where, when, who, why) means that it makes no difference how (what, where, when, who, why). I’ll finish the job, no matter how long it takes. I’ll go there, no matter what you may say.

all in all means taken together. All in all we spent ten days travelling in Italy.

armed forces are the military forces of the country. What can you say about the British armed forces?

11. Match the words and their definitions.

Focus_______________________________________

to declare war on the country
to declare one’s loyalty to the country

to judge in (the) court
to judge (sb/sth) at the competition
judging by...

12. Complete the sentences using the prepositions against, at, by, for, in, on, of, to where necessary.

1. All together there are twenty-six amendments ... the Costitution of the USA.
2. Judging ... his words he is the best football player in his school.
3. Half of the class voted ... the excursion to the Botanical Gardens but half of the class voted ... it.
4. Every bill ... the British Parliament is discussed both in the House of Commons and in the House of Lords.
5. To pass ... a bill means to vote ... it.
6. Who is going to judge ... the volleyball competition?
7. A new bill ... education was passed in the USA not long ago.
8. Progressive people all over the world fight ... peace ... war.
9. Don’t declare your loyalty ... your country but help your country as much as you can.
10. A bill ... the electricity comes every month.

13. Complete the sentences using these verbs: to support, to declare, to represent, to vote, to judge, to obey.

1. “I came, I saw, I conquered,”¹ Julius Caesar ... .
2. “Taking a shower in the morning is a very good rule, I’d like you to ... it,” father said.
3. My friend Peter is going to ... our school at the English Language Competition.
4. We’ll all ... for Liza to be President of the English Speaking Club.
5. I think Mary speaks good French, but I don’t speak any French myself, so I can’t really ... .
6. I’m sure you are right and I promise I’ll ... you in the discussion.

14. a) Listen to the song “America, the Beautiful*’ and sing it along, 60.

America, The Beautiful

(music by Samuel Ward, words by Katherine Lee Bates)

O beautiful for spacious skies, for amber waves of grain,
For purple mountain majesties above the fruited plain.
America! America! God shed this grace on thee,
And crown thy good with brotherhood
From sea to shining sea.

b) Try your hand at translating and give your version of the song in Russian. Discuss your versions with the teacher and choose the best one. These words and word combinations can help you.

spacious — просторный, бескрайний, огромный
amber — янтарный
grain — зд. пшеница
majesty — величие, величественность
fruited — плодородный
to shed (shed, shed) — проливать, осыпать thee = you, thy = your
to crown — венчать, увенчивать, вознаграждать, завершать
grace — милость